Digital Evolution in 5G-Powered Smart Cities

Abstract

This study aims to explore the role of 5G technology in the development and implementation of smart cities, with a particular focus on its impact across key urban sectors such as transportation, healthcare, energy management, and governance. A qualitative research design was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 24 experts in the field of smart cities and 5G technology. Participants were selected through online platforms, and data were collected until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were analyzed using NVivo software to identify key themes and subthemes related to the impact of 5G in smart cities. The findings revealed three primary themes: (1) the transformative impact of 5G on urban infrastructure, particularly in transportation, healthcare, and energy management; (2) the challenges associated with 5G deployment, including high infrastructure costs, data security concerns, and the digital divide; and (3) the potential for 5G to drive sustainability and efficiency in smart city operations. Participants emphasized the role of 5G in enabling real-time traffic management, telemedicine, and smart grids, but also expressed concerns about financial barriers and cybersecurity risks. While 5G technology has the potential to revolutionize smart city infrastructure and services, its successful implementation requires overcoming significant challenges. Addressing infrastructure costs, ensuring data security, and promoting equitable access to 5G technology are critical for the widespread adoption and effective use of 5G in urban environments. Policymakers and practitioners must collaborate to ensure that 5G deployment is both inclusive and sustainable.