Digital Transformation and Administration Innovation

Rail transportation, due to advantages such as reducing fuel consumption, increasing safety, and lowering pollution, is one of the key instruments for sustainable development. However, in Iran, this industry has not sufficiently developed due to factors such as infrastructure deterioration and the lack of application of modern marketing approaches. The present study was conducted with the aim of designing an ambidextrous marketing model for the development of the domestic rail freight market. This study employed a mixed-methods research design, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with rail transportation industry experts and analyzed using grounded theory. In the quantitative phase, data were collected using a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). Data analysis showed that technological factors, organizational and managerial characteristics, and service speed were identified as key causal conditions for ambidextrous marketing. Value creation and knowledge management strategies played a significant mediating role in achieving financial and social outcomes. It was confirmed that ambidextrous marketing can establish a balance between exploiting existing capabilities and exploring new opportunities, ultimately leading to improved organizational performance. The study demonstrated that designing and implementing an ambidextrous marketing model can contribute to the development of the domestic rail freight market and enhance the competitiveness of this industry. This model, with an emphasis on balancing exploration and exploitation, provides a comprehensive approach for improving the financial and social performance of organizations. The use of advanced technologies, organizational learning, and customer-oriented culture are among the influential factors in the success of this model.

Supportive coaching promotes individual development and organizational effectiveness, emphasizing nurturing and learning. Leading organizations utilize skilled managers not only as successful leaders but also as proactive coaches to enhance productivity and reduce costs. The aim of this study was to design a coaching model for managers of Iranian governmental organizations with a focus on sustainable human resources. This research employed a qualitative methodology, and the participants included faculty members specializing in organizational behavior management and human resource management in higher education institutions, senior managers and experts in human resource management in governmental organizations, and specialists with awareness of the research topic. Using the snowball sampling method, 15 experts were selected. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. For data analysis, thematic analysis based on the six-phase approach of Clarke and Braun (2006) was used through three stages: initial coding, theme development, and theme refinement, utilizing Atlas.ti software. To ensure validity and reliability, necessary assessments were conducted using Holsti’s coefficient, Scott’s Pi coefficient, Cohen’s Kappa index, and Krippendorff’s Alpha. The level of agreement among experts, calculated via Holsti’s coefficient (observed agreement percentage), was estimated at 0.887; Scott’s Pi index at 0.755; Cohen’s Kappa at 0.725; and Krippendorff’s Alpha at 0.817. Based on the findings, the final model consists of seven main themes: 1) personal and professional characteristics of the coach, 2) coaching process, 3) knowledge-orientation, 4) organizational transformation, 5) technology and equipment, 6) interactivity, and 7) support and resources—comprising 22 sub-themes and 135 indicators.

This study investigates the evaluation of social capital based on organizational resilience in financial startup ecosystems. In this research, using the thematic analysis method, 21 indicators related to assessing the efficiency of social capital were identified. To screen and ensure the significance of these indicators and to select the final indicators, the fuzzy Delphi method was applied. In this process, experts’ opinions were collected and analyzed using triangular fuzzy numbers and a 7-level fuzzy scale. The results showed that social capital and organizational resilience in startups play a vital role in strengthening their ability to cope with crises and rapid environmental changes. Social relations and communication networks enable startups to access informational, financial, and advisory resources during crises and to utilize them for innovation and growth. The present research also highlights the importance of strengthening communication networks and effectively exploiting social resources in times of crisis, introducing these approaches as strategies for enhancing resilience and the success of startups within financial ecosystems.

The purpose of this study was to re-identify and prioritize the dimensions and factors influencing the reengineering of sports businesses with an emphasis on customer relationship management. The research method was descriptive–survey, in which quantitative methods, including questionnaire design and the use of statistical techniques, as well as qualitative methods, including interviews with experts and coding, were employed. Initially, the research expert team conducted an in-depth study to examine the theoretical foundations and research background, and to collect and categorize data. Subsequently, through interviews with experts in the field of sports marketing in the country, the factors influencing the reengineering of businesses in sports organizations were re-identified and determined. Experts in this field were consulted to review and validate the extracted factors. In order to prioritize the criteria, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method was used. In total, 12 factors were identified as variables influencing the reengineering of sports businesses, categorized into three dimensions: structural, communicational, and functional. Accordingly, the “structural” dimension, with a weight of 0.52186, ranked highest in importance, followed by the “communicational” dimension, with a weight of 0.52186, and finally, the “functional” dimension, with a weight of 0.39209. Among these, the factor “branding” had the highest weight (0.37122). The next influential factor was “creativity and innovation in the production of goods and the provision of services to users,” with a weight of 0.34289. The least important factor was identified as “designing an attractive and unique environment for the organization,” with a weight of 0.05542. Overall, attention to the three dimensions—structural, communicational, and functional—with an emphasis on their order of priority can help sports marketing managers and planners ensure the effectiveness of their decisions. In this regard, strategic priority lies with branding and creativity and innovation in providing sports goods and services.

The present article was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors and components of environmentally ethical technology development. In terms of purpose, the research is applied; in terms of data, it is qualitative; and in terms of implementation method, it was conducted using the systematic grounded theory approach. The statistical population consisted of key informants in the field of research within the Tehran Province Department of Environment, and interviews were conducted with 11 individuals using the snowball sampling method until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data were collected through both library research (documents and records) and field research (semi-structured interviews). To assess the validity of the research instrument, three triangulation methods were used: methodological triangulation (71%), investigator triangulation (77%), and participant triangulation (83%), indicating that the instrument had acceptable validity. Data analysis was performed using theoretical coding (based on the paradigm model of grounded theory). The coding results showed that environmentally ethical technology development consisted of 133 open codes (indicators), 26 axial codes (components), and 6 selective codes (dimensions).

The purpose of this study is to examine the status of District 12 of Tehran in terms of women’s security indicators and to identify the most important factors reducing women’s security in this district. This research is descriptive–analytical in method and applied in purpose. Data were obtained through the distribution of questionnaires among 38 women residing in District 12 of Tehran. The results were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and Friedman’s test in the SPSS environment. Field survey results indicate that, based on the average of 10 research indicators, women’s security in 7 dimensions—including physical, structural, functional, urban management, urban furniture, urban transportation, and cultural–social dimensions—is below 3. This indicates that the status of various indicators related to women’s security in District 12 of Tehran is unfavorable. Moreover, the status of three dimensions—urban quality of life, accessibility, and behavioral—is at a relatively moderate level. The correlation coefficient between dimensions also shows that accessibility and quality of life are correlated with the behavioral dimension; the cultural–social dimension is correlated with urban management and urban furniture; and the physical dimension is correlated with the structural dimension. These correlations are at a moderate and positive level. Therefore, any weakness in one dimension can negatively affect its corresponding dimension, thereby reducing overall women’s security in District 12 of Tehran. As a result of exploratory factor analysis, latent factors or constructs within the 10 dimensions of women’s security were extracted, and 15 factors underlying the 59 research variables were identified. The final 15 extracted factors were able to explain 47.01% of the variance of all research variables. In each factor, among the 15 factors derived from factor analysis, most variables with higher factor loadings were related to physical, urban furniture, urban quality, and accessibility issues. A comparison of dimension averages using the one-sample t-test showed that the women’s security index, with a significance level of less than 0.05, is not in a better situation. Furthermore, the results of Friedman’s test showed that the structural and urban furniture dimensions ranked eighth and ninth in mean rank, respectively. Therefore, it can be said that these two dimensions play a major role in reducing women’s security compared to other dimensions. Overall, the status of women’s security indicators in District 12 of Tehran is unfavorable. Moreover, the structural and urban furniture factors are the most important contributors to the reduction of women’s security in urban spaces in District 12 of Tehran and should receive special attention from urban managers to improve women’s security in urban spaces. Among the indicators affecting women’s security in urban spaces, the structural and urban furniture dimensions play a significant role in enhancing both the subjective and objective aspects of women’s security. Organizing urban spaces in these dimensions can greatly contribute to increasing the sense of security among citizens, particularly women.

Undoubtedly, human capital constitutes the core pillar of every organization. On the other hand, innovation is indispensable for the survival of organizations. The present study analyzed the structural equations of the organizational innovation model, emphasizing the role of intellectual capital within organizations. Methodologically, the study employed a quantitative-descriptive approach based on structural equation modeling. Furthermore, the study is applied in nature. The statistical population comprised experts, managers, supervisors, and board members of the Ur Company in Iraq, totaling 195 individuals. Accordingly, the sample size was determined as 130 based on Cochran's formula. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as the data collection instrument. To evaluate the reliability of the instrument, Cronbach’s alpha method was applied, yielding an overall reliability coefficient of 0.93. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was conducted using Amos version 24. Based on the research findings, causal conditions had a significant effect on the core phenomenon. The standardized path coefficient (β) was 0.66. The standardized path coefficient for intervening factors on strategies was 0.26, indicating a positive and moderate relationship between contextual factors and strategies. The standardized path coefficient (β) for strategies was 0.32, reflecting a moderately positive relationship between strategies and outcomes. Ultimately, all model fit indices, including RMSEA and CFI, demonstrated acceptable results, indicating a good fit of the proposed model with the data. It can be concluded that innovation based on an intellectual capital approach—especially in large companies such as Ur Company in Iraq—can, through the utilization of appropriate organizational infrastructures, innovative strategies, and knowledge management, lead to enhanced performance and organizational credibility.

The present study was conducted with the aim of clarifying the research methodology in the field of the information technology security governance model. The overall objective of this meta-analysis study is to examine research using keywords such as security governance, information technology security, information and communication technology security, data security, cybersecurity, and cyberspace security. This research is carried out in the form of a meta-analysis. The study covers the time period from 2010 to 2021. A total of 98 domestic and international studies were selected by applying relevant filters. During the review period, there was a significant increase in research related to information technology security governance. Findings show that in qualitative methodologies, data collection methods are primarily based on interviews, field observation, use of secondary sources, brainstorming, or a combination of these methods. In quantitative methodologies, the predominant data collection tool was the questionnaire. Data analysis methods in qualitative research were mainly content analysis, grounded theory, thematic analysis, and Delphi technique. In quantitative methodologies, correlation and regression analysis, structural equation modeling (SEM), analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive statistical analyses, and the F-test were used.